JavaScript - right shift operator

The Bitwise right shift operator (>>) takes the two numbers and right shift the bits of first operand by number of place specified by second operand. For example: for right shifting the bits of x by y places, the expression (x>>y) can be used. It is equivalent to dividing x by 2^y.

The example below describes how right shift operator works:

1000 >> 2 returns 250

                      (In Binary)
   1000         ->    1111101000  
   >> 2                     |  right shift the bits
   -----                    V  by 2 places
    250         <-      11111010 
                      (In Binary)

The code of using right shift operator (>>) is given below:

var x = 1000;
var z, txt;

//right shift operation
z = x >> 2;
txt = "z = " + z;

The output (value of txt) after running above script will be:

z = 250

Example: Find largest power of 2 less than or equal to given number

Consider an integer 1000. In the bit-wise format, it can be written as 1111101000. However, all bits are not written here. A complete representation will be 32 bit representation as given below:

00000000000000000000001111101000

Performing N = N | (N>>i) operation, where i = 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 will change all right side bit to 1. When applied on 1000, the result in 32 bit representation is given below:

00000000000000000000001111111111

Adding one to this result and then right shifting the result by one place will give largest power of 2 less than or equal to 1000.

00000000000000000000001000000000

The below code will calculate the largest power of 2 less than or equal to given number.

function MaxPowerOfTwo(N) {
  //changing all right side bits to 1.
  N = N | (N>>1);
  N = N | (N>>2);
  N = N | (N>>4);
  N = N | (N>>8);
  N = N | (N>>16);
    
  //adding 1 to N makes smallest power
  //of 2 greater than given number
  N = N + 1;

  //right shift by one position makes
  //largest power of 2 less than or 
  //equal to given number
  N = N >> 1;
    
  return N;
}

var txt;
txt = "MaxPowerOfTwo(100) = " + 
        MaxPowerOfTwo(100) + "<br>";
txt = txt + "MaxPowerOfTwo(500) = " + 
        MaxPowerOfTwo(500) + "<br>";
txt = txt + "MaxPowerOfTwo(1000) = " + 
        MaxPowerOfTwo(1000)+ "<br>";

The output (value of txt) after running above script will be:

MaxPowerOfTwo(100) = 64
MaxPowerOfTwo(500) = 256
MaxPowerOfTwo(1000) = 512

❮ JavaScript - Operators