Python - Operators
Operators are used to perform operation on two operands. Operators in Python can be categorized as follows:
- Arithmetic operators
- Assignment operators
- Comparison operators
- Logical operators
- Identity operators
- Membership operators
- Bitwise operators
Arithmetic operators
Arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic operations on two operands.
Operator | Name | Description |
---|---|---|
+ | Addition | Add two values |
- | Subtraction | Subtract one value from another |
* | Multiplication | Multiply two values |
/ | Division | Divide one value by another |
** | Exponent / Power | Returns first operand raised to the power of second operand |
% | Modulus | Returns remainder of division operation |
// | Floor division | Returns quotient of division operation |
Example
Assignment operators
Assignment operators are used to assign values of right hand side expression to left hand side operand.
Operator | Expression | Equivalent to | Example |
---|---|---|---|
= | a = 5 | a = 5 | Example |
+= | a += b | a = a + b | |
-= | a -= b | a = a - b | |
*= | a *= b | a = a * b | |
/= | a /= b | a = a / b | |
**= | a **= b | a = a ** b | |
%= | a %= b | a = a % b | |
//= | a //= b | a = a // b | |
&= | a &= b | a = a & b | More Info |
|= | a |= b | a = a | b | More Info |
^= | a ^= b | a = a ^ b | More Info |
>>= | a >>= b | a = a >> b | More Info |
<<= | a <<= b | a = a << b | More Info |
Comparison operators
Comparison operators are used to compare values of two operands. It returns true when values matches and false when values doen not match.
Operator | Description |
---|---|
== | Equal |
!= | Not equal |
> | Greater than |
< | Less than |
>= | Greater than or equal to |
<= | Less than or equal to |
Example
Logical operators
Logical operators are used to combine two or more conditions.
Operator | Description |
---|---|
and | Returns True when all conditions are true |
or | Returns True when any of the conditions is true |
not | Returns opposite boolean result |
More Info
Identity operators
Identity operators are used to compare memory location of two objects.
Operator | Description | |
---|---|---|
is | Returns true when both variables are the same object | a is b |
is not | Returns true when both variables are not the same object | a is not b |
Membership operators
Membership operators are used to check the membership of element(s) in a sequence like lists, tuple etc.
Operator | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
in | Returns True if element(s) is present in the object | a in b |
not in | Returns True if element(s) is not present in the object | a not in b |
Bitwise operators:
Bitwise operators are used to perform bitwise operations on two operands.
Operator | Name | Description | More Info |
---|---|---|---|
& | AND | Returns 1 if both bits at the same position in both operands are 1, else returns 0 | More Info |
| | OR | Returns 1 if one of two bits at the same position in both operands is 1, else returns 0 | More Info |
^ | XOR | Returns 1 if only one of two bits at the same position in both operands is 1, else returns 0 | More Info |
~ | NOT | Reverse all the bits | More Info |
>> | Right shift | The left operand is moved right by the number of bits present in the right operand | More Info |
<< | Left shift | The left operand value is moved left by the number of bits present in the right operand | More Info |